Burner.



A. HAYES.

BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. I0. I9I6..

Patented Sept. 25, 1917.

' well known that 1n ALBERT HAYES, OF YORK, N. Y., vASSIGNOIR. TO CARNQT DEVELOPMENT CORPORA- TION', CORPORATION 0F NEW YORK.

BURNER.

naamw.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept.. 25, 191'?,

To all whom t may concer/n.: Be it known that I, ALBERT HAYES, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at New York, in the county of New York, State of New York, vhave invented certain new and useful Improvements in Burners, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

My invention relates to a burner for producing heat by combustion of .hydrocarbon gas by which amore complete utilization of the thermal units is effected than has heretofore been possible; in other words, by which more eective heat is produced from a given quantity of gas or gaseous fuel than has been possible heretofore.

It is well known that by the use of what is commonly known as the Bunsen burner, that is a burner in which gas is mixed with air before it reaches the point at which it is ignited more complete combustion and a higher heat is producedthan can be produced by burning gas at the tip` nary ill inating gas burner. It is also a burner of the Bunsen type the completeness of the combustion is, to at on the completeness of the mixture of the gas and air before it reaches the point of combustion. For the purpose of effecting the intimate mixture of gas and air, the mixture has been forced through plates 'or dia'- phragms of porous earthen ware the pores being so' ne as to cause the gas and airlto be very intimately mixed before reaching the surface at which combustion takes place with the result of producing at such 4surface or close to it non-luminous or what has been` termed .`iameless combustion. But this so-called liameless combustion being produced at or substantially at the surface of the porous plate or diaphragm does not result in producing the efective heat which should be produced by the gas used, for the reasonvthat combustion is not complete, the heat produced being disseminated by the atmosphere and getting away without itbeing possible to fully utilize it and carrying with it more or less unconsumed carbon.

It is the object of my invention to provide a construction of burner by which a suitable mixture of gas and air or gas and steam may be ignited at the base of a column or mass of of an ordif least a considerable extent, dependentA finely divided and consequently very refractory material in pieces pr fragments, so that combustion will take place at the base of the column or mass of refractory material with the effect of causing the refractory material to become incandescent from the point at which combustion takes place upward to its upper surface so that any of the mixture of gas and air which may not be burned at the point at which the primary combustion takes. place will be burned as it passes through the mass of incandescent refractory material with the result that it yields in effective form all or substantially all of the thermal units which it contains.

With these and other objects hereinafter explained in View, my invention consists in the construction and combination of elements hereinafter described and claimed.

Referring to the drawings,

Figure 1 is a vertical section of a burner embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a of Fig. 1.

In the drawings 1 indicates a column of fragments or pieces of refractory material such as alundum, graphite, chrome ore or the like though lire brick may be used. The bottom layer l2 of this column is formed of relatively small or line pieces of refractory material which will pack together so as to leave only very small spaces between them. Above this layer the pieces or fragments of refractory material are larger so as to leave spaces between them ofl such size as to readily permit ame to flash or jump back through them to the bottom layer 2. rIhis column of fragments of refractory material is supported by a grid 3 in a tube 4 which may be of any desired cross-section. Below this grid 3 is a chamber 4 which is supplied with an explosive mixture of gas and air or gas. In the burner shown this chamber 4 is connected by tubes 5 of relatively small diameter to a lower mixing chamber 6 to which gas and air or gas and steam is admitted through pipe 7 to which gas is supplied by pipe 8, and air by'pipe 9, pipe 8 being provided with controlling-cock 1 0 and pipe 9 being provided with controlling valve 11. The gas and air are both under slight pressure only, the pressure at which gas is supplied in. ordinary city gas service bein sufv icient, and the air pressure is only cient to provide a supply of oxygen suliicient for complete combustion of the gas. The gas orizontal section on line 2-,2 i

back to the base of the column and burns 1n carbon in the and air may bef supplied directly to the chamber 4.

. In use, the gas and air being turned on the mixture is forced u ward through the columnand is ignited means. The flame at once flashes or jumps or belowthe layer 2 of relatively fine fragments heating this layer at once to incandes-` cence and quickly bringing the entire column to incandescence. Any gas which is not Vcompletely consumed in this lower layer, as it passes upward through the column cornes in contact with the incandescent fragments and its combustion is made complete with the result that there is no unconsumed products of combustion and no luminous flame. v

By providing the lower mixing chamber 6 and connecting it tothe mixing chamber 4 by the tubes 5, any danger of the flame flashing or jumping back to the pipe 7 is obviated and a thorough mixing of the gas, that is the hydrocarbon carrying gas, and the air, that is the oxygen carrying gas, is secured. y

I do not herein claim the method of pro-Y ducing complete combustion carried out in the burner above described, as that forms the subject matter of a separate application led February 10, 1916, Serial No. 77,497.

y any convenientl naman ing a vertical tube closed at its lower end v and having a grid extending-across it near its lower end, a layer of relatively fine fra ments of refractory material immediate y above .the grid and relativel large fragments of refracto material a ove and resting on the layer o relatively fine fragments, a chamber below the bottom of the tube, tubes of relatively small diameter leading from the chamber to the space between the bottom ofthe tube and the grid, and means for supplying hydrocarbon gas and oxygen carrying gas to said chamber.

This specification signed this 10th day of February, A. D. 1916.

ALBERT HAYES. 

